Two-cycle valved piston



Patented Apr. 7, 1931 mi TED STATES PATENT" OFFICE] HERALD R. GRRENING, OF HAMILTON, ONTARIO, CANADA, AND JAMES w. GALLOWAY,J OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, AssIGNORs To GALLOWAY ENGINEERING COMPANY LIM;

' ITED, or HAMILTON, ONTARIO, OANADA TWO-CYCLE vALvRD'IIsTON Application'led December 28, 1928. i Serial kNo. 329,022.

The principal kobjects of theinvention are f to effect a rapid opening and closing .of the Vintake and exhaust ports in a two cycle engine cylinder, thereby obtaining a leadand la lag on theopening and closing of` said por-ts. V

4Afurthery object is to enable the use. .of larger port openings thereby increasing the eiiciency of the engine. l

The principal feature of the invention .con' 1o sists in the arrangement of a valvingelement supported by the piston rod and operated through the swinging action ofthe piston connecting rod to effect-the opening yand closing of ports in the cylinder; Y n A1.5 In the drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal mid-sectional view of a portion of the-.cylinder, .piston and valve constructed in accordance with this invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional viewof a cylinder and piston showingfa slightly .moded form of connectingrod. A j Figure 3 is asimilar sectionalview show.-

ing a further modification of the'valving mechanism. Y y

Figure 4- is a transverse'section of a 'cylinder constructed as shown in Figure 3 taken through the line 4 4 of Figure 3. l Figure 5 is a transversesectional view taken through the line--of Figure 3. ,A r

In the ormofthe invention illustrated 'in Figure l the cylinderl is provided vwith an arrangement of intake ports'Q at one sideand exhaust ports 3 on the other side. A

The piston 4' supported on the connecting rod5 is arranged within a'sleeve or secondary piston 6 which lits with a snug sliding lit in the cylinder. y

The sleeve piston 6is provided with ports 7 adapted to cO-Operate with the inlet ports 2 and with ports 8 adapted to co-operate with the exhaust ports 3. Y

The ports 7 and 8 are offset in their longitudinal arrangement on the sleeve.

skirt of the piston 4:. v

A stud arm 10 projects rigidly Vfrom the connecting rod 5 in a direction substantially The sleeve 6 is provided with a circularn boss 9 arranged to extend inwardly'below the at right angles to the centre line of the coIlnecting rod and in the .direction of the swingingmovement `oft the v4connecting rod.

It will be understood that as ,the -Crankshaft,

revolves it reaches a pointinits downward throw wherethereis very littledownward movement of Lthe piston but the connecting rod swings transversely through a considere able arc while the piston is practically Astationary. 1

The sleeve 6l isso :arranged'on the piston .that when the main crankswings in its downward travel` the piston will move below .the opening'rof the port 3 while the ports `'pin-the sleeve valve 6 still retain the port closed'. y

The transverse swinging of the connecting rod which produces very little movement in the pist-on does however operate lthrough the tinued movement :moves the sleeve to a pos- I studarmlOto move the sleevedownwardly f i tionl to O en .the intake port and eventually l toclose` t eeXhaust while the piston isprac.-`

tically stationary.orl movesto .a very shorty distanceV .longitudinally ofthe cylinder. j

The upward movement of .the piston cuts off thel intakeport and at the top end` of the stroke the position of the sleeve is returned ready Afor'the rapid action thereoat .the

` bottomy end of the stroke when .the piston have ing reached practically. the maximum of its travel, the port is then .opened `to iree'the exhaust gases.l The action thencontinuesas described to Open theintakefport.. This .Operation of a.,sec ondary piston to controlthe valve ports accomplishesv avery marked imf provement in the operation of a two .cycle f engine: Y Y v The invention as YOutlined is capable of being developedv alongl manyy .diliferent forms of structure andin the form shown in Figure 2 the sleeve or secondary piston l1 is provided u witha lug 12 to which a secondary connecting rod 13 is pivotally secured. V. This connecting rod is connected at its vlower end to the. crank on which .the main :connecting rod 1:4. ,is mounted.v I.. 'y f @-1 Thev action of the connecting rod y 13 being connected tothe sleeve on a Considerable dis# tance offset from the @entre 0f the Cylinder from the connecting rod in adirection trans-` verse to the swinging movement of the connecting rod and said stud is provided With a ball end 21 Which enters a circular recess 22 in the lower end of the sleeve.

'A cylinder is provided with intake and exhaust manifolds 24 and 25 respectively which extend part Way around the cylinder.

" It will be seen that as the connecting rod swings through theoperation of the crank shaft the laterally extending stud will carry the sleeve with' an oscillating movement to effect the opening or closing of the ports while the main piston 1s in a practically stationary position.

The operationof this double piston is extremely simple.. It operates longitudinally of the cylinder in the usual manner but because of the relatively movable ports thereof a very quick operation of the valving func tion is brought about at the end of the stroke whichfis most desirable as the exhaust port-s are opened quickly to their maximum position allowing therapid escape of the gases'of combustionand the inlet ports are likewise more effectively controlled.

What We claim as our invention is:

1. In a two cycle internal combustion en- 'ne, the combination with a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, a piston operating in said cylinder, a connecting rod operatively connected with said pi-ston and operating in a fixed plane,jand a sleeve surrounding said piston and adapted to move separate from the piston to control the exhaust and inletports, of means carried by said connecting rod. and extending transversely of said fixed plane of extending laterally of the plane of operation of theconnecting rod into said socket and operating said sleeve with a combined oscillating and reciprocal movement.

4c. In a tWo cycle internal combustion engine, the combination With a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, a piston operating in said cylinder,v and a connecting vrod operatively connected With said piston and operating in a fixed plane, ofan oscillatable sleeve encircling said piston and adapted to be moved separate from the piston and having ports therein adapted to register With the cylinder ports, and an operating extension rigid with said connecting rod and extending laterally in angular relation to the plane of operation of the latter and co-operating with the sleeve to impart aV combined reciprocable and oscillating movement to said sleeve to control the opening and closing of the cylinder ports.

5. In a tvvo cycle internal combustion engine, the combination With a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, a piston operating in said cylinder', a connecting rod operatively connected with said piston and operating in a iixed plane, of means 'operating -With said piston and movable in relation thereto for controlling said exhaust and inlet ports, and a lateral extension on said connecting rod angularly disposed With relation to the plane of operation of the latter and operatively engaging said controlling means at a point out of alignment with said plane of operation of said connecting rod to effect the operation of the controlling means.

,` HERALD B. GREENING. JAMES W. GALLOWAY.

operation of the latter shaft for controlling the movement of said sleeve. f`

2. In a two cycle internal combustion engine, the combination With a cylinder having inlet andV exhaust ports, a pi-ston operating iny said cylinder, of oscillatable means movable With said piston for controlling said exhaust and inlet ports, and a stud, extending from said connecting rod in a direction transversely of theplane of operation of the latter and operatively engaging said movable member to impart an oscillating andreciprocal movement thereto to control said ports.

3. In a tWo cycle internal combustion engine, the combination With a cylinder having lOl) 

